"Those fuckers retyped my book
and wanted to put their names on it."
--Gustav Hasford
 


 


Cast Iron Longjohns:
The Several Battles Behind Full Metal Jacket

 
"Some people demand a five-line capsule summary.  Something you'd read in a magazine.  They want you to say, 'This is the story of the duality of man and the duplicity of governments.'  I hear people try to do it -- give the five-line summary -- but if a film has any substance or subtlety, whatever you say is never complete, it's usually wrong, and it's necessarily simplistic: truth is too multifaceted to be contained in a five-line summary.  If the work is good, what you say about it is usually irrelevant."

 
 

"I've always considered everyone in the movie business to be a little insane, and the whole thing (to be) sort of a chase for fairy gold . . . I trust Stanley, but I always kept both of my eyes open.  I didn't want to make another film that veterans are just going to go see and go, 'Oh, wow, we've been ripped off again.'"  The Private Joker played by Matthew Modine is only loosely autobiographical.  Like Joker, Hasford did wear a peace symbol on his flak jacket, but "the guy in the film is a much nicer guy than I am," he says, laughing.

 
 

"Vietnam is awkward, everybody knows how awkward, and if people don't even want to hear about it, you know they're not going to pay money to sit there in the dark and have it brought up.  (The Green Berets doesn't count.  That wasn't really about Vietnam, it was about Santa Monica.)  So we have all been compelled to make our own movies, as many movies as there are correspondents, and this one is mine."

Hasford on Kubrick and Herr
from his various letters and private notes

December 8, 1982:  "Stanley...is a thoroughly charming and easy-going fellow, just a good ole boy who happens to have made about half of the classic films in America.  I talk to him every few days.  We are trying to come up with a more satisfying ending for (the film)...I said, 'But Stanley...the Vietnam War bloody well wasn't satisfying.'  'Right,' he said, 'but they made you go...while we've got to convince people to pay to see this movie.'"

January 4, 1983: "Stanley and I, after about a dozen long talks, are lobbing frags.  I told Stanley he didn't know shit from Shinola about Vietnam.  And he's so sensitive, he got mad...Boy, famous people think they know everything."

February 1, 1984: "Stanley gets miffed every time I mention (Killer's Kiss), so I mention it all the time.  Or I say I liked Spartacus, another one he doesn't care for.  I'm going to go live at Stanley's house and we'll write the screenplay.  Then I'm going to be technical adviser during the production...The other day he threatened to hire Michael Herr to help him write the film.  I told him, be my guest.  Stanley can't replace me...Michael Herr can rite gud, but he wasn't a Marine, he was just a very perceptive tourist."

January 18, 1985:  "Stanley and I are getting along great.  Michael Herr and I are big pals.  I had dinner over at his place last night...Look for the movie around 1999--Stanley...insists on doing every single thing himself.  Today Michael and I were joking with him, saying that when the film came out Stanley would probably insist on taking the tickets...Stanley didn't think it was funny.  He just looked at us with that Buddha face of his, as though considering doing just that."

May 27, 1985:  "Stanley feels that all my efforts for the past 2 1/2 years are
 1. Minimal
 2. Only Natural - and expected - of me as the author of a book being made iinto a film.
This explains why he never says “Thank you”.  But this is bullshit - I’m being ripped off.  Stanley has held up the screenplay credit as a carrot (and jokes about how he “may” use my title).  I wrote endings for the film 2 weeks after he started talking to me.  I’ve been here 5 months and I’ve seen him once.  He said 'Come over and we’ll "work together."'  What’s his hang up?  He doesn’t want to share the credit.  He’ll give Michael credit. 2nd credit.  But if he gives me a credit and I wrote the book as well then I will seem to rival him as the 'author' of the film.  Burgess didn’t work on 'clockwork orange'?  SHINING = no King?  He wants my ideas, yes, but he doesn’t want to give me credit for them - neither publicly nor in his own mind - witness his pathetically unfounded attempt to discuss my 2 1/2 years of effort as 'a couple of phone calls.'
    "Remember that Stanley had trouble with Stephen King - he doesn’t want me to be his enemy in the media.  It would hurt the movie.  Michael says that he thinks the film is going to be a classic.
If so, then it will be in large part due to my book and my screenwriting..ie; a multi-million dollar success for which I have been paid peanuts.  Typical of Stanley’s manipulations is his saying he’ll give me $7000 because 'he likes me.'"

Letter to Kubrick, 1985:  "You say I'm not cooperative.  I see no advantage in being cooperative.  I've seen how you respond to people who are kind and helpful and on your side.  So I'm not interested in being reasonable.  I'm not interested in ethics and fair play.  All I'm interested in is how to attack you where you are most vulnerable and where I can inflict the most damage if you don't give me what I want...that attitude is, as we say in Alabama, "Something I learned off of you."  Don't blame me if I have been an attentive student.  I'm cooperative when I'm dealing with cooperative people.
    "As for Full Metal Jacket, I deny paternity.  I don't claim authorship of anything unless I am able to do my best, and I was not allowed to do my best...
    "I'm in no hurry.  There's no point in my consulting a lawyer until you've released the film, because it's not plagarism until you release the film and accept money from people who want to see it....if you want to settle this once and for all, keep in mind that I'm tired to people who think that it's clever not to pay their debts on time.  If your check is late I will send I will send it back, as I have done before, more than once.
    "After this contract mess is settled, I'll expect the same level of cordial cooperation from you people I have enjoyed in the past, that is, no cooperation at all."

July 14, 1985:  "Here in London the Great Movie Wars...are going hot and heavy.  The situation is very complex, but the basic issue is one of screen credit.  I've pretty much written Stanley's movie (Michael and I are big pals now, but--off the record--Michael's biggest contribution...has been his famous name) and Stanley has added a few minor things, but essentially the screenplay is by me.  But Stanley wants to give me an 'additional dialogue' credit...He threatens to pull the plug on the whole thing.  Meanwhile, I am refusing to sign my screenwriter's contract.  Shooting was scheduled to start on July 1st, so I have held up the production for two weeks...I'm starting to feel all alone, like Gary Cooper in High Noon."

September 1985:  "The situation now is that I have delayed signing...until Stanley was forced to start filming, which he did on Aug. 25.  The white flag has not yet waved...but I have beaten that self-described Napoleon son-of-a-bitch and I have beat him fair and square."

March 1, 1986:  "Late flash:  FILMING IS FINISHED!...I cannot believe this situation.  I finally pried a copy of the shooting script out of Stanley's famously anal-retentive fingers.  It's 99% mine."

May 20, 1986:  "I won my credit battle with Stanley.  I beat Stanley, City Hall, The Powers That Be, and all of the lawyers at Warner Brothers, up to and including the Supreme Boss Lawyer.  As a little Canuck friend of mine would say:  I kicked dey butt."
 


The Delicate Matter of Credit
by Nikki Finke
LOS ANGELES TIMES MAGAZINE, June 28, 1987

    The story of how an ex-Vietnam Marine combat correspondent scored a screen-writing credit on a major motion picture his first time out has secured Gustav Hasford a place in the informal Hollywood Minor Film Controversies Hall of Fame.
    "Credits in the motion picture industry, as you know, are very delicate," says Stanley Kubrick's long-time U.S. spokesman Louis Blau, picking his words as carefully as a dancer in a mine field.  "I would say that in the normal course of events, the credits of Full Metal Jacket evolved."
    In 1985, as Kubrick was writing the screenplay, he formally asked Michael Herr, author of Dispatches, to come on the script.  Herr, a genuine authority on the war, happened to live within meeting distance of the reclusive director's home in England.  But it was Hasford's war novel The Short-Timers, not Dispatches, that Kubrick was adapting, and he continued to talk over the screenplay with Hasford in a series of marathon telephone conversations.  "You have to realize that Kubrick picks his source material very carefully," Blau explains.  "So when he chose Hasford's book, he had a great deal of faith in Hasford already."
    There was still no agreement at this point that Hasford would get a screen-writing credit.  "While Stanley is working on the shooting of a picture, he's really not thinking about the final credits," Blau says.  But Kubrick had two writers working with him?  Would there be three credits?  Eventually, a decision had to be made.  While Hasford maintains that it was Kubrick and Herr who objected to his inclusion, even Herr concedes that the objections mostly came from him.  Confirms one source close to the movie, "Michael Herr probably thought he might have contributed more to the screenplay than Gustav Hasford, in which event he might have thought he would only be sharing credit with  Stanley."
    Herr, reached by telephone at his home, says, "I might have made a few noises.  I suppose I felt that I'd been involved in this for such a long time.  But I didn't make a terrible issue of this.  It wasn't a very complicated matter to get me to agree to giving Gus co-credit.  He must know what I think of his work.  And if he doesn't I'd like him to.  I always thought he should be consulted on this."
    Consulted, yes.  Credited, no.  But no hard feelings.  "Because I'm not in touch with Gus doesn't mean anything," Herr says.  "It's not that big a deal to me.  Certainly, it would have to be something a lot heavier than that to hurt a friendship."
 


Hasford on Herr
from LA Times Magazine, June 28, 1987

    "Michael and I got to be pretty good friends until we had the credit dispute.  As far as I know,
he's still not speaking to me.  I'm speaking to him, but he's not saying anything back.  As much of
my work was in the screenplay as he had in, but he still seems to interpret the fact that I got a full
credit as an intrusion upon his turf.  Like, who is this interloper?
    "But in fact, I worked on the screenplay for four years.  I had actually written things, you know,
scenes and comments.  I would send my work to Stanley, and undoubtedly Stanley was having
Michael write the same scene.  Then Stanley would work it around the way he wanted it.  For some
reason, Stanley had given Michael a lot of my work to look at, but I never read any of the things
Michael wrote for the film.  We really didn't talk about it much.  I mean, we'd talk about it in
general terms like, 'When is this sucker going to be finished?'"
 

    "We'd all heard about the man in the Highlands who was 'building his own gook,' parts were the least of his troubles.  In Chu Lai some Marines pointed out a man to me and swore to God they'd seen him bayonet a wounded NVA and then lick the bayonet clean.  There was a famous story, some reporters asked a door gunner, 'How can you shoot women and children?' and he'd answered, 'It's easy, you just don't lead 'em so much.'"

--Michael Herr
Dispatches
 

Herr on Hasford
from his Foreward to the published screenplay

    "At the very moment in 1979 that I was making my No More Vietnams oath, I was sent a novel in bound galleys called The Short-Timers, by Gustav Hasford. I meant to read only a few pages, but I could see immediately, in one paragraph, that this was impossible. When I finished the opening section, I felt as though I'd read a whole novel, and it was twenty-eight pages long. I knew I was reading an amazing writer. He was telling a truth about the war that was so secret, so hidden, that I could barely stand it. I certainly didn't want to be associated with it in my neo-postwar period. It was a masterpiece that absolutely anybody could pick up and read in a couple of hours and never forget; and it went out into the world seeking shelf life without the albatross of my blurb around its graceful neck. I didn't answer the publishers, I didn't write to the author. I folded. I felt vaguely ashamed, but I got over it. I repressed it. Later, when Stanley was looking for war books, I may have mentioned it, but I'm not certain that I did. When he came across it, he knew immediately that he wanted to film it. I'd recoiled so far from it that I couldn't remember anything about it. It came straight back when I re-read that first great page.
     "I think that before he found the story and the locations, even before he knew which war he would be filming, he knew what the movie would look like. It was the leanness and incredible tact of The Short-Timers that was so satisfying. The dialogue wasn't like any movie dialogue we'd ever heard before.  It was pre-cliched dialogue, the funniest and most painful distillations of the most extreme experience. The leanness was the story; lean young men, with only the teenage fat of their innocence to keep away the chill; and then they lose that. "The phoney-tough and the crazy-brave," walking the walk and slipping in blood,"Is that you John Wayne? Is this me?" The moral and political trellises are down, with all the rhetoric that grew on them. The audience would not be told how to watch this movie. This would be what the studios used to call a "Who Do You Root For?" movie, non-explicit in its meanings, low-road in its production, minimal in expression; highly specific, like Hemingway. Simple surface, long reverberations...
    It takes a great manipulator to make a nonmanipulative movie. If you work as a writer on a movie,
you inevitably shoot a version of it in your mind. Just as inevitably, the director will shoot a movie that is nothing like yours. Yours is in your head with no audience, and his is on the screen. Almost the first thing that struck me about Full Metal Jacket was how little it had to do with me. I suffered the
usual screenwriter's losses, and found them acceptable losses. It was very different from Gus's book, but true to it. I couldn't, and can't, get over the beauty of the acting. And the next morning, I
couldn't remember for a long time what I thought had been cut -- lines that had been fun to write, whole scenes, beloved voice-overs, stuff that looked great on the page but couldn't be performed. I could only remember the completeness of the movie, and how new it looked to me."
 

    "And if you saw some piece of helmet graffiti that seemed to say everything, you weren't going to pass it along to some colonel or tell it to a Psyops official.  'Born to Kill' placed in all innocence next to the peace symbol, or 'A sucking chest wound is Nature's way of telling you that you've been in a firefight' was just too good to share with anyone but a real collector..."

--Michael Herr
Dispatches


    "Having read Dispatches, it is difficult to convey the impact of total experience as all the facades of patriotism, heroism and the whole colossal fraud of American intervention fall away to the bare bones of fear, war and death."

--William Burroughs
 

Kubrick on The Short-Timers

from The New York Times, June 21, 1987:   (Kubrick) had no craving to make a signature movie about that war, he says.  He was reading the Virginia Kirkus Review, as he usually does, looking for stirring fiction about something, anything that might promise a stunning translation to film and he came upon a novel, The Short-Timers.  He read a copy.  "I reread it almost immediately and I thought, 'This is very exciting, I better think about it for a few days.'  But it was immediately apparent that it was a unique, absolutely wonderful book."

from Rolling Stone, 1987:  "It's a very short, very beautifully and economically written book, which, like the film, leaves out all the mandatory scenes of character development: the scene where the guy talks about his father, who's an alcoholic, his girlfriend -- all that stuff that bogs down and seems so arbitrarily inserted into every war story."

from The Washington Post, June 28, 1987:  "This book," Kubrick says, "was written in a very, very, almost poetically spare way. There was tremendous economy of statement, and Hasford left out all the 'mandatory' war scenes that are put in to make sure you understand the characters and make you wish he would get on with the story ... I tried to retain this approach in the film. I think as a result, the film moves along at an alarming – hopefully an alarming – pace."
 
 

Lee Ermey on The Short-Timers and Full Metal Jacket

from Premiere magazine, August 1999:  "I was watching a football game one Sunday and the phone rang; it was Mr. Kubrick.  He asked me if I had read Gustav Hasford's The Short-Timers, and I told him it was full of inaccuracies and a piece of shit as far as the boot-camp sequence goes, but interesting as hell and off the wall."

from HBO Online Chat, August 2000:  "I was also technical advisor of the show.  I advised Stanley that the first half - the boot camp portion of Full Metal Jacket - was laced with fictitious crap, and he and I sat down and re-wrote the first half of the show.  The way we did it was we would discuss a scene, then Stanley would then punch the button on his tape recorder.  I would then stand up and become Gunnery Sergeant Hartman, and I would go for as long as I could go.  When I ran out of gas, I would stop and sit down.  We would discuss the scene again.  Once again the button would be pushed, I would stand up, and we would do more dialogue.  We would do this sometimes 3 or 4 times.  Then we would send the tape down to the production secretary, who would transcribe that and then send it back up to us.  We would then take the juiciest of the line and incorporate those into the scene. That's how we came up with the dialogue.  In some cases, I would come up with dialogue when we were filming.  If something would occur to me during filming of anything, I would bring it up to Stanley.  Stanley would either agree or disagree.  He seldom disagreed, and we would incorporate that into the scene.  That's the way the 'reach around' scene came about."
 

from TVNow, 2001:  "The best part about the movie, and everybody seems to rave about it, is the boot camp part.  I got to write most of everything I said.  It was based on a novel called The Short Timers by Gustav Hasford, who only went through boot camp. That's his only experience with the Marines. According to Gustav, the only reason drill instructors existed was to harass, punish and torture recruits. There was no rhyme nor reason.
    "He actually wrote a scene where Gunnery Sergeant Hartman called the recruit squad leaders into the head, had them urinate in a commode, and then brought Private Pyle in there and shoved his head down in it. I never heard of that being done. The recruits would have never had respect for a drill instructor that would do something like that."
 


  Hasford on Ermey
from LA Weekly, June 1993

    By mail, (Hasford) conducted a heated side feud with Kubrick over Lee Ermey, the film's drill instructor, whom Hasford labeled "a fucking pogue lifer" and a propagandist for the official Marine Corps pro-war line on Vietnam.
 


Bob Bayer on Ermey
from his e-mails to me

    Ermey was the guy Stanley decided to hire as the tech advisor even though Gus and I told him to hire Dale (Dye).   I remember after FMJ came out that I saw Dale and he showed me a list he made up of something like 100 technical flaws he spotted.  One that I recall:  the helicopter gunner
who's firing away madly as he jokes with Joker is actually wearing a tank crewman's helmet, not a helicopter crewman's helmet.  That's the kind of stuff Dale catches.
 


Oliver Stone on Full Metal Jacket and The Short-Timers
from Playboy, February 1988

    Playboy:  What about Stanley Kubrick's Full Metal Jacket, which was released a few months after Platoon?
    Stone:  Oh God.  I don't want to get into that. . . . Look, I don't think Stanley--I don't think Kubrick was as concerned in Full Metal Jacket with Vietnam as with making a generic war picture.  It wasn't specific to Vietnam.  It was more like his Paths of Glory.  It could easily have been about World War Two or Korea.  It felt a lot like it, what with the rubble and the metallic look it had.  There were some very powerful scenes in it.  The last scene was very strongly done.  He's a master film maker.  (Pauses)  Master at shots.  That's about all I can say. . . .
    Playboy:  When you were shooting Platoon, were you aware of the plot line of Full Metal Jacket?
    Stone:  I had read Gustav Hasford's book, which the film was based on, after Platoon was written.
    Playboy:  Well, since you're being diplomatic about Kubrick's movie, what did you think of Hasford's book?
    Stone:  I didn't much care for it.  I thought it was pumped-up, macho-man, sort of true-life man's adventure-story stuff.  It could easily have been in the old Argosy magazine.  I didn't think it was real.
 



Misinformation on Gus
from the "Stories Behind the Film" commemorative booklet,
included with the Full Metal Jacket Limited Edition Collector's Set DVD

    "Kubrick asked Warner Bros. to purchase the screen rights (to The Short-Timers), prepared a treatment and asked Herr to begin writing a screenplay, with occasional contributions from Hasford, who had been reduced to living in a car." (Wrong!  Gus was carrying on conversations with Kubrick and working on the screenplay before Herr was even involved.  And Gus wasn't living in his car at the time.  He had, a few years before.  But when Kubrick first contacted him, Gus had just returned from travels abroad.)

    "Although the Academy Award nominated screenplay was essentially the work of Kubrick and Herr, Kubrick agreed to give Hasford a co-screenplay credit..."  (No way to know for sure just how much of the screenplay was the work of Gus, but one look at it and it's obvious that the structure and much of the dialogue are straight out of The Short-Timers.  And Kubrick "agreed to give Hasford a co-screenplay credit" only after a lengthy battle where Gus threatened to do everything he could to shut down production.)

    "Hasford, who completed an unpublished sequel to The Short-Timers entitled The Phantom Blooper, died of diabetes a few years later, after bing sentenced to prison for stealing thousands of library books."  (Bullshit!  Unless I'm hallucinating, The Phantom Blooper was published by Bantam in 1990.  And Gus spent a few months in jail for stealing 800 library books, not "thousands.")
 
 

    "Anyway," the Beaver continues, "he had it coming.  We've got an important job to do in Southeast Asia, an American job.  Sacrifices have to be made.  We've got to keep our head until this peace craze blows over.  It's a hardball world and Communist aggression must be defeated at any price.  What's wrong with spraying a few people with napalm if it makes the world a better place to live in?  We are killing these people for their own good.  Inside every gook is an American trying to get out."

--Gustav Hasford
The Phantom Blooper
 
 

 Hasford on Kubrick
from The Birmingham News, June 26, 1987

    "The only person who really knew what was going on was Stanley.  Michael and I wrote things and handed them in, but we didn't have any idea what stuff Stanley used.  He just twisted it all together.  We were like guys on an assembly line in the car factory.  I was putting on one widget and Michael was putting on another widget and Stanley was the only one who knew that this was going to end up being a car."

from LA Times Magazine, June 28, 1987

    What's your feeling about Kubrick now?
    "I like Stanley.  Stanley is funny and human and not as eccentric as he would perhaps prefer to
appear.  My favorite movie is Dr. Strangelove, and Paths of Glory is one of the great classic war
films.  I'd stand Stanley a glass anytime.  Two, maybe."
 
 

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